香煙的危害

香煙中毒性最大的是煙堿，又叫 尼古丁。一支香煙的尼古丁為6-8毫 克，足以毒死一只老鼠；二十支香煙的尼古丁可以毒死一頭牛。使人致死的尼古丁劑量為50-75毫克，一個人每天吸二十至二十五支煙，就可以達到這個劑量。只是由于尼古丁是逐漸進入人體并逐漸解毒的，才不會至死。當(dāng)然，人體在這個過程中，也會受到很大傷害。

The most toxic substance in cigarettes is nicotine, also called nicotine. A cigarette contains 6-8 milligrams of nicotine, which is enough to poison a mouse; the nicotine of twenty cigarettes can poison a cow. The lethal dose of nicotine is 50-75 mg, and a person can reach this dose by smoking 20 to 25 cigarettes a day. Only because nicotine gradually enters the human body and gradually detoxifies, it will not die. Of course, the human body will suffer great harm in this process.

吸煙容易引起：

Smoking easily causes:

一、肺部疾?。合銦熑紵龝r釋放38種有毒化學(xué)物質(zhì)，其中有害成份主要有焦油、一氧化碳、尼古丁、二惡英和刺激性煙霧等。焦油對口腔、喉部、氣管、肺部均有損害。煙草煙霧中的 焦油沉積在肺部絨毛上，破壞了絨毛的功能，使痰增加，使支氣管發(fā)生慢性病變，氣管炎、肺氣腫、肺心病肺癌便會產(chǎn)生。

1. Pulmonary diseases: 38 kinds of toxic chemical substances are released when cigarettes are burned, among which harmful components are mainly tar, carbon monoxide, nicotine, dioxins and irritating smoke. Tar damages the mouth, throat, trachea, and lungs. The tar in tobacco smoke deposits on the lung villi, destroys the function of villi, increases sputum, and causes chronic bronchial diseases, such as bronchitis, emphysema, pulmonary heart disease and lung cancer.

二、心血管疾?。合銦熤械囊谎趸际寡褐械难鯕夂繙p少，造成相關(guān)的高血壓等疾病。吸煙使冠狀動脈血管收縮，使供備量減少或阻塞，造成心肌梗塞。吸煙可腎上腺素增加，引起心跳加快，心臟負(fù)荷加重，影響血液循環(huán)而導(dǎo)致心腦血管疾病、糖尿病、猝死綜合癥，呼吸功能下降、中風(fēng)等共20多種疾病。

2. Cardiovascular diseases: The carbon monoxide in cigarettes reduces the oxygen content in the blood, causing related diseases such as high blood pressure. Smoking constricts the coronary arteries, reduces or blocks the supply, and causes myocardial infarction. Smoking can increase adrenaline, cause faster heartbeat, increase heart load, affect blood circulation and cause cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, diabetes, sudden death syndrome, decreased respiratory function, stroke and more than 20 diseases.

三、吸煙致癌：研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，吸煙是產(chǎn)生自由基最快最多的方式，每吸一口煙至少會產(chǎn)生10萬個 自由基，從而導(dǎo)致癌癥和許多慢性病。

3. Smoking causes cancer: Studies have found that smoking is the fastest way to generate free radicals. Every puff of cigarette produces at least 100,000 free radicals, which can lead to cancer and many chronic diseases.

四、吸煙還會導(dǎo)致骨質(zhì)疏松，更年期提早來臨。吸煙可使男性喪失性功能和生育功能。孕婦吸煙可導(dǎo)致胎兒早產(chǎn)及體重不足，流產(chǎn)機率增高。吸煙使牙齒變黃容易口臭。

4.Smoking can also lead to osteoporosis and early menopause. Smoking can make men lose their sexual function and reproductive function. Smoking in pregnant women can lead to premature delivery and underweight fetuses, which increases the chance of miscarriage. Smoking makes teeth yellow and makes bad breath easier.

五、吸煙對智力的危害。吸煙可使人的注意力受到影響。吸煙嚴(yán)重影響人的智力，記憶力，從而降低工作和學(xué)習(xí)的效率。

5. The harm of smoking to intelligence. Smoking can affect people's attention. Smoking seriously affects people's intelligence and memory, thereby reducing the efficiency of work and study.

 

From website: https://zhidao.baidu.com/